Keeb kwm ntawm Refractory

Ntau tshaj 4000 xyoo dhau los, Tuam Tshoj tau siv av nplaum nrog ob peb impurities los hlawv cov tais diav, thiab muaj peev xwm nrum tooj liab. Thaum lub sij hawm Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25-220), cov ntaub ntawv av nplaum refractory tau siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov saggers rau tua cov plooj (porcelain). Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, refractories tau tsim los ntawm high purity, high density thiab ultra-high kub khoom, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, amorphous refractories thiab siab refractory fibers (siv nyob rau hauv industrial kilns saum 1600 degree) uas tsis tas yuav tsum tau. raug rho tawm haujlwm thiab muaj kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg tau tsim. Cov qub, xws li alumina refractory qhob, feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv lub puab phab ntsa ntawm lub thib ob reformer ntawm cov hluavtaws ammonia ntau lawm tsev nyob rau hauv loj tshuaj nroj tsuag, nrog zoo nyhuv. Txij li xyoo 1950, txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm atomic zog thev naus laus zis, thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis, thev naus laus zis tshiab, thiab lwm yam, yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb refractory nrog kev ua tau zoo heev xws li kub tsis kam, corrosion resistance, kub poob siab, yaig tsis kam, thiab lwm yam, xws li oxides nrog melting point siab tshaj 2000 degree, refractory compounds thiab high-temperature composite refractory khoom.
Refractories nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, Nrab Hnub nyoog thiab lub Renaissance, refractories rau blast furnaces, coke ncu thiab kub-blast qhov cub ua ntej thiab tom qab lub Industrial Revolution, tshiab refractories thiab lawv manufacturing txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lub lig niaj hnub lub sij hawm, niaj hnub refractories manufacturing technology thiab loj technologies. kev nce qib, thiab kev cia siab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm refractories yav tom ntej. Refractories thiab high-temperature technologies tshwm sim ua ke, roughly originated nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub Bronze Age. Thaum lub sij hawm Eastern Han Dynasty, Tuam Tshoj tau siv cov av nplaum refractory li cov ntaub ntawv kiln thiab saggers rau tua plooj (porcelain). Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, refractories tau tsim los ntawm high purity, high density thiab ultra-high temperature products, thiab tib lub sij hawm, amorphous refractories thiab refractory fibers nrog tsawg zog noj thiab tsis tas yuav raug rho tawm haujlwm tshwm sim. Nyob rau lub sijhawm niaj hnub no, nrog rau kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis, chaw thev naus laus zis thiab thev naus laus zis tshiab, nws muaj qhov kub thiab txias, tiv thaiv corrosion thiab thermal vibration kuj.
Refractory
Refractories nrog cov khoom zoo heev xws li scouring tau siv. Muaj ntau lub Hoobkas nyob hauv Suav teb uas tsim cov khoom siv refractory. Tuam Tshoj muaj kev nplua nuj, thiab vim li no, cov tub ua lag luam txawv teb chaws tseem tuaj rau Suav teb los qhia lawv cov kev txawj ntse. Nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj, cov khoom lag luam refractory muaj ntau heev, uas tau coj lwm tus neeg ua lag luam txawv teb chaws los nug tus nqi qis ntawm lawv cov khoom xa tawm. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau xyoo 2003, European Union tau tshaj tawm cov kev tawm tsam ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov khoom siv refractory tshiab, txwv kev xa tawm cov khoom mus rau European Union. Xyoo 2006, txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov poob loj ntawm cov khoom siv raw, Tuam Tshoj tau txo lossis zam cov nyiaj them se tawm rau qee qhov kev lag luam, uas txwv kev xa tawm cov khoom lag luam zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis txwv kev muag khoom ntawm qee lub npe txawv teb chaws mus rau qhov loj, vim tias lawv muaj ntau xyoo lossis ntau pua xyoo ntawm kev muag khoom thiab kev tsim khoom, thiab tau ua lag luam zoo heev, thiab tseem tsim lawv cov khoom lag luam hauv txhua lub teb chaws.
1. Txhim kho qib kev siv dav thiab lav peev txheej ntawm cov peev txheej.
Los ntawm 2015, high-end refractory cov ntaub ntawv yuav ua rau nws tus kheej txaus, qhov kev siv tus nqi ntawm magnesite cov kev pab yuav tsis tsawg tshaj li 90 feem pua, thiab cov kev siv tus nqi ntawm refractory av nplaum yuav tsis tsawg tshaj li 80 feem pua. Txog xyoo 2020, kev siv dav dav ntawm ob qhov peev txheej ore yuav siab dua 95 feem pua ​​​​thiab 90 feem pua.
2. Ua kom muaj kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab txo qis emission.
Los ntawm 2015, lub zog efficiency theem ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb yuav ncav cuag thawj theem, kev siv lub zog ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb yuav raug txo los ntawm ntau dua 20 feem pua ​​​​piv rau xyoo 2010, tag nrho cov pa tawm ntawm sulfur dioxide thiab nitrogen. oxide yuav raug txo los ntawm ntau dua 8 feem pua ​​​​thiab 10 feem pua ​​​​ntawm qhov piv nrog xyoo 2010, thiab cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tom qab siv yuav tsis tsawg dua 50 feem pua. Los ntawm 2020, tus nqi rov ua dua ntawm refractories tom qab siv yuav siab dua 75 feem pua.
3. Txhim kho kev lag luam concentration.
Thaum xyoo 2015, 2-3 cov tuam txhab lag luam nrog kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb yuav raug tsim, thiab ntau lub hauv paus kev lag luam tshiab yuav raug tsim. Kev lag luam concentration ntawm 10 lub tuam txhab saum toj kawg nkaus yuav ncav cuag 25 feem pua. Los ntawm 2020, kev lag luam concentration ntawm 10 lub lag luam saum toj kawg nkaus yuav nce mus rau 45 feem pua.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory suav nrog kev sib xws, poob qis, fluidity, plasticity, cohesiveness, resilience, condensation, hardening, thiab lwm yam.