13.6 tons refractory cement tau ntim rau xa mus rau cov nroj tsuag steel hauv Zimbabwe.
Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm qhia tau hais tias nrog tib neeg txoj kev tshawb pom thiab kev nkag siab ntawm cov cua kub tsis kam ntawm calcium aluminate, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm calcium aluminate hauv Tebchaws Europe hauv xyoo 1913 tau nce sai heev. Thaum cov ntaub ntawv tsis zoo li refractory casting pib ua lawv tus kheej txoj kev loj hlob hauv 1920s. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1980 thiab xyoo 1990, cov txheej txheem casting tshiab maj mam tshwm sim. Thawj qhov yuav tsum tau qhia thiab siv yog lub tshuab nqus dej thiab nws tus kheej ntws ntawm cov cement castables qis. Tom qab ntawd, cov tshuaj tsuag ntub dej los yog txau tshuab tau tshwm sim. muaj
Hauv cov kev hloov thev naus laus zis no, cov cement refractory tau tsim.
Nws tseem hu ua aluminate cement. Aluminate cement yog hydraulic cementitious khoom ua los ntawm bauxite thiab limestone ua raw cov ntaub ntawv, calcined los tsim clinker nrog calcium aluminate ua lub ntsiab tivthaiv thiab txog 50 feem pua alumina cov ntsiab lus, thiab tom qab ntawd hauv av. Aluminate cement feem ntau yog daj lossis xim av, tab sis kuj grey. Cov zaub mov tseem ceeb ntawm aluminate cement yog monocalcium aluminate (CaO·Al2O3, abbreviated li CA) thiab lwm yam aluminates, nrog rau ib qho me me ntawm dicalcium silicate (2CaO·SiO2).
Qhov piv ntawm refractory cement rau xuab zeb yog li 30 feem pua. Nws yog qhov ua tau yooj yim heev los siv. Nws tuaj yeem ua kom tawv los ntawm kev ntxiv dej thaum xav tau. Feem ntau, tsis tas yuav ntxiv lwm cov binders, tsuas yog ntxiv qee qhov tsim nyog pob txha noj mov thiab refractory aggregate yuav ua. Yog tias nws tau hais tias nws yog siv cov cement refractory nkaus xwb, txawm hais tias nws kuj muaj cov nplaim hluav taws kub, nws yog qhov ua rau tawg tom qab kub. Feem ntau, nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub ntawm li 1300 degrees.
1. Zoo plasticity, yooj yim rau siv hauv kev tsim kho. Ntxiv mus, nws cov viscosity thiab lub zog yog qhov loj, thiab thaum siv, nws muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo.
2. Nws muaj refractoriness siab thiab yog ib yam khoom zoo heev refractory. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov kub thiab txias siab dhau 1300 degree, qhov tawg yuav tshwm sim.
3. Nws muaj qhov zoo thermal exfoliation thiab zoo tiv thaiv slag ntxeem tau, yog li nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv coke ncu, iav furnaces, blast furnace kub moj tej tawg rauv, thiab lwm yam industrial furnaces. Nws daim ntawv thov kev lag luam kuj suav nrog: metallurgy, Cov khoom siv hauv tsev, machinery, petrochemicals, iav, boilers, hluav taws xob, steel, cement, thiab lwm yam, muaj cov nplaim hluav taws zoo heev.
Cov txheej txheem nthuav dav tsis muaj qhov kub siab hnav-tiv thaiv rwb thaiv tsev ntawm rotary kiln. Kev ceev faj nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm refractory castables. High kub hnav-resistant castables yog ntim thiab xa mus rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hmoov qhuav. Tom qab lub qhov cub hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev yog nplawm thiab vibrated, ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm qhov hluav taws kub zaj tshwj xeeb, thiab tom qab kho rau ib lub sijhawm, lub qhov cub castable nkhaus tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha raws li qhov cub hluav taws kub nkhaus. High-temperature hnav-resistant castables muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog siab, zoo hnav tsis kam, thiab porosity tsawg.
1. Kev sib faib. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus use. Nws tuaj yeem ua kom tawv nqaij tsuas yog ntxiv cov dej kom tsim nyog los sib tov thaum siv. Feem ntau, cov cement refractory tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog rau lwm cov binders. Yog tias tsim nyog, ntxiv ib co refractory aggregates thiab hmoov.
2. Ceev faj rau kev siv. Hauv kev siv, yog tias koj hais tias cov cement refractory tsuas yog siv thaum kub kub, nws yooj yim tawg. Nws tuaj yeem siv dav hauv ntau yam refractory aggregates, xws li corundum, calcined siab alumina bauxite, thiab lwm yam, los ua ib lub refractory mortar los yog pob zeb rau cement rotary kilns thiab lwm yam kev lag luam kilns li linings.
3. Ntau tus neeg tsis meej pem nrog cov av refractory, los yog sib tov nrog cov av refractory, kom nws cov nqi siv yuav raug txo kom tsawg. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav muaj ntau lub zog khov kho thiab cov cim. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, thaum lub cub tawg refractory tiav lawm thiab cua qhuav, cov khoom yuav poob nrog ib tug tes khawm. Nws lub zog yog tsawg heev, thiab nws lub sijhawm siv yog luv heev. Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv txoj kev no. .
High-aluminium ramming khoom siv bauxite clinker nrog 88 feem pua Al2O3 raws li aggregate thiab hmoov, thiab ntxiv ntau fused corundum hmoov rau matrix kev ua tau zoo, thaum ntxiv av nplaum li plasticizer; magnesium-aluminium-chromium Cov khoom siv ramming yog ua los ntawm fused magnesia-chromium composite thiab aluminium-magnesium spinel. Alkaline refractories feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm magnesium oxide thiab calcium oxide, thiab magnesia bricks feem ntau siv. Magnesium bricks uas muaj ntau tshaj 80 feem pua -85 feem pua ntawm magnesium oxide muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau alkaline slag thiab hlau slag, thiab muaj refractoriness ntau dua li cov av nplaum cib thiab silica cib. Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv qhib lub qhov cub, oxygen tshuab converter, hluav taws xob rauv, non-ferrous hlau smelting khoom thiab ib co khoom kub kub.
