Lub hauv paus refractory nyob rau hauv ib qho yooj yim oxygen cub ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv dab tsi kev lag luam kws txawj piav raws li ib tug hostile kev lag luam nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nrog rau qhov kub siab tshaj 1,700 degree, corrosive slags, thiab supersonic oxygen jets tsim molten hlau emulsions, BOF hauv ob sab phlu.oxygen rauv cibyuav tsum tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom seem, tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm cov slags yooj yim, thiab thermal shock los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv sai heev -tag nrho hauv ib lub voj voog 45 feeb.
Cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam tsis ntev los no qhia tias (MgO-C)Magnesia carbon cibtau tshwm sim raws li tus qauv kub rau kev siv lub tshuab ua pa oxygen, ua rau ntau dua 85% ntawm lub ntiaj teb BOF refractory kev lag luam. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo sib xws no ua ke ua ke siab -purity fused magnesia nrog crystalline graphite, tsim kom muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab thermal shock kev ua tau zoo uas cov tsoos dolomite cib tsis tuaj yeem sib phim. Peb tiam tshiab ntawm magnesia carbon refractory cib suav nrog nano-carbon additives thiab nws tus kheej- kho antioxidants, ncua BOF phiaj los nqis tes lub neej los ntawm 3,000 mus rau ntau tshaj 8,000 heats nyob rau hauv sab saum toj- ua steel nroj tsuag.
Nkag siab txog Refractory Wear Mechanisms hauv Basic Oxygen Furnaces
Txhawm rau kom txaus siab vim li cas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov neeg tsim khoom steel yuav tsum xub nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem hnav ua haujlwm tawm tsam lawv cov BOF hauv ob sab phlu. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias refractory degradation tshwm sim los ntawm tsib lub ntsiab mechanisms ua hauj lwm synergistically los rhuav tshem txoj kev ncaj ncees:
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion sawv cev rau qhov kev tawm tsam hnyav tshaj plaws, qhov siab -slags uas muaj FeO, CaO, thiab SiO₂ nkag mus rau cov txheej txheem refractory ntxeem tau, yaj cov nplej magnesia thiab oxidizing carbon bonds. Cov txheej txheem no nrawm nrawm dua thaum slag MgO cov ntsiab lus poob qis dua 8%, tsim kom muaj lub voj voog tsis zoo uas cov slag depleted yuav ua rau muaj zog ntxiv rau cov khoom siv refractory ntxiv.
Thermal spalling tshwm sim thaum lub caij kub ceev ceev ntawm 1,400℃thiab 1,700 degree, tsim kom muaj kev sib txawv ntawm kev nthuav dav uas tshaj cov khoom siv lub zog. Advanced refractory hauv ob sab phlu tsim tam sim no suav nrog optimized thermal gradients thiab tswj porosity kom dissipate cov kev ntxhov siab puas tsuaj zoo.
Cov tshuab yaig los ntawm kev them nyiaj 200 tuj cov pob tawb thiab lub dav hlau oxygen impingement ntawm Mach 2 velocities tsim cov qauv hauv zos, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub converter lub trunnion cheeb tsam thiab slag kab aav. Ntawm no, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kinetic zog thiab tshuaj tua kab mob ua kom nrawm nrawm nrawm dua li 2 hli ib qhov cua sov hauv thaj chaw tsis kho.
Leading refractory suppliers have developed sophisticated solutions addressing these complex wear mechanisms. Zonal lining concepts now customize refractory compositions for specific BOF areas, with ultra-high purity MgO-C bricks (>97% MgO) tiv thaiv cov kab slag tseem ceeb hauv cheeb tsam, thaum tus nqi - ua kom zoo 95% MgO qib ua haujlwm qis qis qis qis hauv cov hlab ntsha.
Cov cuab yeej siv phom kho tshiab ua kom muaj kev saib xyuas sai thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, nrog rau qib siab MgO-C tshuaj tsuag sib tov ua tiav 80% + adhesion tus nqi thiab 30% lub neej ua haujlwm ntev dua piv rau cov khoom siv phom magnesia. Qee cov tuam txhab steel tau tshaj tawm txog kev ua tiav kev kho qhov chaw trunnion hauv qis dua 10 feeb siv cov tshuab phom tua hluav taws xob, txo qis cov nqi tsim khoom qeeb.
Kev koom ua ke ntawm slag splashing thev naus laus zis nrog siab -kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pa oxygen rauv cib tau hloov kho BOF kev saib xyuas, Los ntawm kev tswj cov slag chemistry thiab siv cov kev tswj kom ruaj khov, steelmakers tsim cov txheej txheej tiv thaiv uas txo qis refractory hnav mus txog 40% thaum tib lub sijhawm txhim kho thermal efficiency.
