Ausmelt smelting txheej txheem yog dav siv thoob ntiaj teb rau nws cov khoom siv raw khoom adaptability, yooj yim ua hauj lwm, siab ntau lawm efficiency, thiab ua tiav ib puag ncig tiv thaiv chaw, tab sis nws kuj muaj shortcomings xws li luv luv rauv lub neej; extending lub neej ntawm Ausmelt furnaces yog tsuas yog nqa tawm nyob ib ncig ntawm ncua lub neej ntawmrefractory bricks. Los ntawm lub refractory cib poob mechanism, peb tuaj yeem pom cov yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau lub neej ntawm refractory firebricks hauv Ausmelt furnaces. Muaj peb yam tseem ceeb, xws li: flakes ntog; ablation ntawm high-kub yaj; mechanical scouring thiab tshuaj erosion ntawm high-temperature flue gas.
Flakes ntog
Hauv kev tsim cov xya qhov cub ntawm Ausmelt furnaces, refractory cib flakes poob tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv refractory cib poob. Muaj ob peb yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau refractory cib flakes, uas yog qhov kub thiab txias; slag yaig thiab cuam tshuam lub cev.
1. Kub hloov pauv
Ausmelt furnace tooj liab smelting siv ib txoj hlua siv los ntxiv tooj liab mloog zoo, thiab cov pa uas muaj pa oxygen yog cua tshuab rau hauv nws los ntawm rab phom tsuag. Tom qab sib tov nyob rau hauv Ausmelt furnace molten pas dej ua ke, ib tug tsausmuag redox tshwm sim. Qhov kub ntawm lub pas dej kub ntawm lub Australian cub tawg yog khaws cia ntawm 1160 degree -1200 degree, uas yog qhov qis dua qhov refractoriness (Ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 1580 degree) thiab load softening kub (Ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 1450. degree) ntawm cov khoom siv refractory zoo tib yam. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, tshiab refractories cib uas tseem tsis tau deteriorated yuav tsis noj. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis xwm yeem lossis txawm tias tsis sib xws, xws li cov txheej txheem qhib thiab tso tseg Australian cub tawg, qhov kub thiab txias hauv lub cub tawg tau nce thiab poob qis, thiab qhov kub hloov pauv no yuav ua rau qhov kub thiab txias hauv lub cib, thiab qhov shrinkage thiab nthuav. txheej txheem ntawm refractory firebricks yuav raug thaiv los tsim thermal stress. Thaum lub thermal kev nyuaj siab tshaj qhov thermal shock tsis kam ntawm cov refractories bricks, refractory hluav taws cib yuav tawg, tawg, thiab txo cov neeg kho tshuab zog, thiab thaum kawg flake tawm.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cua sov thiab cua txias ntawm txhua txheej ntawm cov cib thaum lub sij hawm cua sov los yog txias txheej txheem ntawm lub cub tawg thiab qhov sib txawv thermal stresses generated thaum lub sij hawm thermal displacement txheej txheem yuav ua rau cov txheeb ze ntawm cov bricks. Qhov kev sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv no ua rau muaj kev sib txhuam shear quab yuam ntawm qhov chaw txav ntawm cov cib. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, nws yuav ncaj qha rhuav lub cheeb tsam ntawm cov refractories bricks, ua rau tawg nyob rau hauv lub refractory bricks. Cov kab nrib pleb no kis tau los ntawm qhov sib txawv txav los ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov pauv kub tom ntej, nws thiaj li ua rau refractory cib tev tawm. Nyob rau theem pib ntawm Australian lub qhov cub qhib, vim cov txheej txheem tsis paub tab, tsis paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem los txhim kho lub neej ntawm Ausmelt smelting furnace, thiab cov khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm, qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub cub tawg tau hloov pauv ntau zaus, cib poob. tawm hauv qhov cub, thiab cov hluav taws kub refractory cib raug puas tsuaj loj.
2. Slag yaig
Hauv matte smelting, tus nqi gangue feem ntau suav nrog quartz (SiO2) thiab limestone (CaCO3), uas hnov mob nrog FeO tsim los ntawm oxidation ntawm tooj liab mloog zoo los ua ib qho nyuaj alkaline slag uas muaj hlau silicate (2FeO·SiO2: fayalite), uas muaj zog corrosiveness. thiab muaj peev xwm yaig. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm refractory cib masonry, muaj inevitably radial thiab circumferential cib pob qij txha. Cov pob qij txha thiab cov kab nrib pleb hauv refractories cib tshwm sim los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tau muab txoj hauv kev rau kev nkag mus thiab yaig ntawm qhov kub-kub alkaline slag, thiab qhov slag yaig nws tus kheej kuj ua rau cov pob qij txha thiab cov kab nrib pleb nce ntxiv. Raws li cov cib pob qij txha thiab cov kab nrib pleb nce, cov cib tau raug kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau thaum lub sij hawm txhua qhov kev cog lus thiab kev nthuav dav tshwm sim los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, ua rau blocky tev ntawm refractory cib nto.
3. Kev cuam tshuam lub cev
Thaum coke ntog thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm Ausmelt rauv, cov coke blocks poob ywj siab rau ntawm txoj kab nqes ntawm Ausmelt rauv, uas ua rau lub cev muaj zog loj heev ntawm lub refractory firebricks nyob rau hauv txoj kab nqes ntawm lub qhov cub Ausmelt, cuam tshuam rau sab hauv. Lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov cib, ua rau cov refractories cib tawg. Tom qab thermal shock, slag yaig thiab flue gas scouring, cov kab nrib pleb nws thiaj li ua rau refractory hluav taws cib kom tev tawm.
Ablation ntawm high-temperature yaj
Vim yog qhov ua kom sib xyaw ntawm rab phom tsuag, lub pas dej molten ntawm Ausmelt rauv yog lub pas dej "boiling" dynamic molten. Tag nrho lub cub tawg yog qhov tsis sib xws thiab tsis ruaj khov, uas yog qhov kub thiab txias hauv zos, ua rau softening ntawm cov qauv saum npoo thiab lub zog ntawm refractory firebricks, txo cov ntaub so ntswg kev ua tau zoo, ncaj qha hlawv ntawm ib feem ntawm lub tsev cog khoom theem, thiab txo load. softening kub ntawm refractory bricks, ua rau qeeb poob ntawm refractories bricks. Lub ablation ntawm high-temperature tov feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub molten pas dej ua ke cheeb tsam thiab cheeb tsam hauv qab ntawm lub slag kab. Los ntawm kev soj ntsuam thiab kev ntsuas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv seem ntawm cib los ntawm xya lub sij hawm rauv, nws pom tau hais tias cov txheej txheem kub ntawm refractories bricks los ntawm high-temperature tov yog ib tug qeeb qeeb txheej txheem, feem ntau vim hais tias cov high-temperature tov cheeb tsam thiab cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv lub slag kab. tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los ntawm slag vim cov nyhuv ntawm cov dej txias.
Mechanical scouring thiab tshuaj erosion ntawm high-temperature flue gas
Cov txheej txheem smelting ntawm tooj liab smelting nyob rau hauv Ausmelt rauv nws tus kheej yog ib tug slag-ua thiab desulfurization txheej txheem, uas yuav tsim ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm corrosive high-temperature sulfur-muaj flue gas. Qhov kub-kub sulfur-muaj flue gas yog muab rho tawm los ntawm sulfuric acid high-kub ntxuam los tsim ib tug high-temperature airflow, uas tsis tu ncua scours nto ntawm refractories bricks, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nto ntawm refractory cib nyob rau hauv txoj kab nqes ntawm lub Ausmelt rauv. , ua rau hlawv ntawm refractories bricks. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txij li Ausmelt rauv smelting yog cov pa nplua nuj smelting, cov pa roj flue muaj li 6.5% oxygen. Thaum lub sij hawm diffusion txheej txheem, ib feem ntawm SO2 yog oxidized los tsim SO3 los ntawm high-temperature gas, uas reacts nrog cov alkaline oxides nyob rau hauv lub refractory firebricks ntawm kub qis dua 1050 degree los tsim alkaline ntiaj teb hlau sulfates (MgSO4, CaSO4). Kev tsim ntawm alkaline ntiaj teb hlau sulfates nyob rau hauv cib yog feem ntau nrog los ntawm ib tug nce nyob rau hauv ntim thiab txhaws ntawm pores. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev yaig, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg ntawm bricks yog nce, lub zog sib txuas ntawm cib tsis muaj zog, thiab kev yaig ntawm cib los ntawm slag yog ntxiv, uas nws thiaj li ua rau kub hnyiab thiab txawm flaking ntawm refractory hluav taws cib.
