Induction furnace yog ib qho hluav taws xob cua sov uas hloov hluav taws xob rau hauv thermal zog los ntawm kev siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electromagnetic induction kom induce tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hlau nyob rau hauv ib tug alternating magnetic teb, yog li cua sov cov ntaub ntawv kom txog thaum lawv yaj. Induction furnaces muab faib ua ob hom raws li lawv cov qauv: coreless induction furnaces thiab cored induction furnaces. Coreless induction furnaces tau dav siv vim lawv cov cua kub ceev ceev, kev ua haujlwm tsis sib xws, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua thaum smelting, thiab siv tau yooj yim thiab tu. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, lub zog siab ntom ntom, kev loj hlob sai sai tau dhau los ua kev txhim kho tam sim no ntawm cov chaw sov hluav taws xob.
1 Kev yaig
Erosion yog manifested li thinning ntawm lubrefractory bricksrauv hauv ob sab phlu thiab o ntawm crucible txoj kab uas hla. Qhov ua rau erosion yog mechanical erosion thiab chemical erosion.
1.1 Mechanical erosion
Mechanical erosion yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov laj thawj hauv qab no: (1) Kev sib tsoo thiab kev sib txhuam ntawm tus nqi. (2) Electromagnetic stirring. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub cub tawg nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov molten hlau, molten hlau txuas ntxiv flushes lub cub tawg hauv ob sab phlu nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm electromagnetic stirring.
1.2 Tshuaj yaig
(1) Molten hlau tshuaj tiv thaiv
Magnesium furnace linings muaj kev ua siab ntev rau Fe, Mn, thiab Ni, tab sis tsis zoo rau C thiab Si. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, kev ua haujlwm ntawm [C] thiab [Si] hauv cov hlau molten nce, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv interfacial tshwm sim nrog MgO rau ntawm lub qhov cub hauv ob sab phlu, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub qhov cub hauv ob sab phlu. Thaum siv lub siliceous furnace hauv ob sab phlu rau melting, SiO2 reacts nrog [C] nyob rau hauv lub molten hlau los tsim cov nram qab no cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: SiO2(s)+2[C] →[Si]+2CO(g) . Qhov sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov hlau nplaum yog 1467 degree, 1540 degree rau grey hlau, thiab 1580 degree rau forgeable cam khwb cia hlau. Thaum lub melting kub tshaj qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug, SiO2 nyob rau hauv lub qhov cub hauv ob sab phlu yog txo los ntawm [O], thiab lub cub tawg hauv ob sab phlu yuav thinner.
(2) Slag yaig
Vim muaj cov xeb hauv cov nqi, cov nqi rov qab tsis huv, thiab oxidation ntawm cov hlau molten ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, ntau cov slag uas muaj FeO yog tsim. Thaum lub sij hawm smelting txheej txheem, viscosity ntawm molten hlau yog txo qis vim electromagnetic stirring, thiab nws nkag mus rau hauv lub pores ntawm ob sab phlu thaum nws hu rau saum npoo ntawm refractory cib rauv hauv ob sab phlu. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, FeO hauv cov slag reacts nrog SiO2, Al2O3 lossis MgO nyob rau hauv lub qhov cub hauv ob sab phlu los tsim cov khoom uas tsis tshua muaj melting point (xws li FeO·SiO2, uas nws melting point tsuas yog 1170 degree). Nyob rau hauv lub nplawm ntawm high-temperature molten hlau, nws yog heev yooj yim mus yaj thiab sai sai tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cheeb tsam thiab nkag mus rau cov kua. Qhov ntau dua qhov sib txawv ntawm cov alkalinity ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv ob sab phlu thiab cov alkalinity ntawm cov slag, nws yooj yim dua rau hauv ob sab phlu yuav corroded.
2 Cov dej ntws tawm
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov dej xau yog manifested li hlau nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov cub hauv ob sab phlu. Qhov laj thawj ntawm cov dej xau yog: (1) Lub tshuab hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob tsawg dhau; (2) Cov hlau tau yaj ua ntej txheej sintering yog tsim; (3) Tshuaj tiv thaiv.
3 Slagging
Lub slagging tshwm sim tshwm sim thaum lub cub tawg phab ntsa ua thicker thiab rougher. Qhov ua rau slagging yog qhov adhesion ntawm hlau oxides, cov khoom siv rov ua dua uas muaj oxidants thiab xuab zeb rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub cub tawg. Cov teebmeem ntawm slagging ntawm lub qhov cub hauv ob sab phlu yog raws li nram no: (1) Slagging yog cov infusible oxides, sulfides los yog phosphides ntab rau ntawm cov hlau molten uas ua raws li hauv ob sab phlu qhov chaw uas cov hlau molten flow rate tsawg thiab kub poob tshwm sim; (2) Nws txo qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm lub cub tawg; (3) Nws txo cov melting efficiency ntawm lub cub tawg; (4) Nws ua rau cov hlau zais hauv cov slag yooj yim rau overheat; (5) Nws reacts nrog refractory bricks cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub hauv ob sab phlu; (6) Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los ua kom muaj kev puas tsuaj rau hauv ob sab phlu thaum tshem tawm slag; (7) Nws hloov lub xeev thermodynamic ntawm lub hauv ob sab phlu ntawm lub slag-hanging. Quartz xuab zeb hauv ob sab phlu slagging tshwm sim thaum cov khoom siv rov ua dua muaj ntau quartz xuab zeb (khoom khib nyiab adhered rau saum npoo ntawm cam khwb cia hlau). Cov xuab zeb no yuav nkag mus rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov cub thiab ua raws li cov phab ntsa ntawm lub cub tawg kom ua kom cov hauv ob sab phlu. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, hauv qab ntawm lub cub tawg yuav tsim V zoo thiab lub qhov cub ntim yuav txo qis. Lub quartz xuab zeb rauv hauv ob sab phlu yog ib qho acidic rauv hauv ob sab phlu. Acidic slag yuav ua raws li cov kua qaub rauv hauv ob sab phlu, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov kab slag raug kho thiab tapping qhov kub thiab txias, slag yuav tshwm sim tiag tiag ntawm cov kab slag, cuam tshuam rau kev them nyiaj thiab lub cub tawg.
