Muaj ntau ntau yam uas cuam tshuam rau lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm refractory linings nyob rau hauv rotary kiln, thiab lawv tsis yog teeb meem nrog refractory khoom. Lawv suav nrog thermal stress, chemical stress, mechanical stress generated by cement production operations, the quality of calcined raw khoom, tsim thiab xaiv cov ntaub ntawv refractory, zoo ntawm refractory cov ntaub ntawv, cia, tsim, masonry thiab lwm yam.
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm mechanical kev nyuaj siab ntawm kev pab cuam lub neej ntawmrefractory brickshauv kilns
Mechanical stress yog lub zog sab hauv uas sib cuam tshuam ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm ib yam khoom thaum nws deformed vim yog sab nraud, thiaj li tiv thaiv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov khoom sab nraud thiab sim ua kom cov khoom rov qab los ntawm qhov chaw deformed mus rau txoj hauj lwm ua ntej deformation. Thaum cov neeg kho tshuab kev nyuaj siab ntawm cov refractories bricks nyob rau hauv lub kiln tshaj nws tus kheej lub zog, lub bricks yuav ib feem los yog tag nrho puas nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev ntxhov siab.
Cov yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab yog ob qho laj thawj hauv qab no:
(1) Elliptical deformation. Vim yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov hauv ob sab phlu, cov ntaub ntawv kiln thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lub tog raj kheej nws tus kheej, lub tog raj kheej kiln yog deformed. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus thiab tshav kub load, lub voj voj voog - seem ntawm lub tog raj kheej ua elliptical. Thaum lub kiln khiav, lub ellipse ua rau cov neeg kho tshuab kev nyuaj siab ntawm cov refractory bricks, thiab qhov loj dua lub ellipse, lub zog mechanical stress ntau dua. Lub shear stress generated los ntawm kev hloov nyob rau hauv ellipse ua nyob rau hauv lub tangent kev taw qhia ntawm txhua lub nplhaib ntawm cib, ua rau lub cib tev tawm nyob rau hauv lub nplhaib puab. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, lub peeling thickness yog uniform thiab nyuaj. (2) Lub axis ntawm cov cement rotary yog offset. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tig tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm txoj siv sia, lub log txhawb nqa, thiab cov menyuam. Nws cov axis yuav tsum yog txoj kab txuas ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov cub hluav taws xob - seem voj voog thiab ntawm txoj kab ncaj nraim. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab lub plhaub kiln raug teeb tsa thiab ib feem ntawm lub plhaub tau txiav thiab hloov pauv, lossis tom qab lub kiln tau ua haujlwm rau lub sijhawm thiab lub thermal system hauv lub kiln tsis ruaj khov, lub axis ntawm lub kiln yuav raug offset raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tshav kub thiab load. Tom qab ntawd, tom qab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev, txoj siv sia thiab cov menyuam yuav hnav, cov menyuam yuav sib txawv sab nraud thiab sab hauv, thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm txhua qhov kev txhawb nqa yuav hloov. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, thaum lub load ntawm qhov chaw txhawb nqa loj dhau lawm, nws yog ib qho yooj yim uas yuav ua rau cov menyuam bearing kub hnyiab tawm, siv thiab cov menyuam nto tev tawm txawv txav los yog tawg, uas yuav ua rau cov axis offset ntawm lub kiln lub cev hnyav ntxiv; Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov cib refractory yuav raug nyem thiab deformed, ua rau kev puas tsuaj lossis poob tawm. Cov duab ntawm cov pob zeb tawg puas sib txawv hauv qhov tob.
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm thermal stress rau lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm refractory firebricks nyob rau hauv lub kiln
Lub thermal stress yog hais txog kev ntxhov siab uas tshwm sim thaum cov khoom tsis tuaj yeem nthuav dav thiab cog lus tsis pub dawb vim muaj kev txwv sab nraud thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom sab hauv thaum kub hloov. Siab -Qhov kub thermal expansion tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau axial expansion thiab compression stress nyob rau hauv refractory firebricks, uas yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov tawg thiab tawg ntawm hluav taws cib hauv qhov cub. Noj magnesia-chromium lossis spinel cib ua piv txwv, qhov nthuav dav ntawm 1400℃tuaj yeem suav ua 1.6%. Qhov kev nthuav dav ntawm qhov hluav taws kub cib nrog qhov ntev ntawm 198mm tuaj yeem ncav cuag 3.17mm. Xws li kev nthuav dav loj, yog tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv tsis zoo, yuav ua rau cov refractories cib kos, poob, los yog spall, ua rau lub neej luv luv ntawm cov cib refractory.
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv refractory
Qhov cuam tshuam mechanism ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntau lawm ntawm kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm refractory hluav taws cib yog qhov nyuaj thiab muaj ntau yam. Nws yog feem ntau txheeb xyuas los ntawm ob yam hauv qab no.
(1) Kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cib los ntawm kev kub siab calcination ntau dhau. Cov nplaim hluav taws kub hauv qhov tshiab qhuav precalciner kiln tuaj yeem ncav cuag tshaj 1700 degree. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm thaj chaw hloov pauv, thaj chaw tua hluav taws, thaj chaw txias, qhov cub hood, lub caj pas txias, siab - qhov kub thiab txias, thiab lub qhov hluav taws xob sab nrauv yog siab dua li cov pa roj carbon monoxide. Txawm hais tias muaj cov khoom zoo ntawm - cov ntaub ntawv refractory zoo, lub neej ntawm txoj kev hloov pauv, tua hluav taws, thiab qhov chaw txias ntawm cov qhov cub loj loj yog feem ntau 0.5 mus rau 1 xyoo, nrog qee qhov tsuas yog 3 mus rau 5 lub hlis. Lub qhov ncauj qhov ncauj thiab lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg feem ntau muaj lub neej ntev ntawm 0.5 mus rau 1 xyoos, lossis tsawg dua. Lub qhov cub thiab lub caj pas txias hauv ob sab phlu muaj lub neej ntev li ntawm 2 xyoos. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem, rotary kilns feem ntau ua haujlwm tsuas yog 70% mus rau 75% lossis qis dua, nrog rau qhov tsis tshua muaj qhov nce mus txog 85% mus rau 90%. Yog tias qhov no ua ke nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm preheater thiab precalciner, qhov decomposition tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem tsis ruaj khov, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntau zaus hauv cov haujlwm ntawm ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm hauv qhov cub. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub tshuab ua haujlwm tsis ruaj khov thiab ua kom lub hauv paus puas. Piv txwv li, qhov kub kub kub hnyiab ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov cub hluav taws xob puas tsuaj, raws li pom nyob rau hauv lub voj voog nyob rau hauv daim duab 5. (2) cib puas los ntawm kev kub ceev kiln. Kev sib hloov ceev ntawm cov tshiab qhuav ua ntej -decomposition kiln feem ntau yog 3-3.7 r / min, lossis txawm tias siab li 4 r / min los yog ntau dua, thiab cov kab nrawm ntawm lub plhaub rotary kiln ncav cuag ntau dua 1 m / s. Nyob rau hauv qhov tshiab qhuav kiln nrog kev sib hloov ceev ceev, txoj kab uas hla loj thiab kub siab, qhov sib xyaw ua kom puas ntawm thermal stress, mechanical stress and chemical erosion on the kiln lining is much more than that of traditional kilns. Qhov no yuav tsum tau hais tias lub qhov cub hauv ob sab phlu ntawm qhov tshiab qhuav yuav tsum muaj lub zog txaus thiab ruaj khov txawm nyob hauv qhov txias lossis kub.
