Hauv qhov cub engineering,refractory castablecov ntaub ntawv feem ntau yog muab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tej sib tov thiab lined rau ntawm qhov chaw, tsuas yog siv rau lub renewal ntawm kiln linings thiab kho cov qub qhov chaw. Cov ntaub ntawv xav tau kuj yuav tsum muaj ntau haiv neeg kom hloov mus rau ntau qhov chaw ib puag ncig.
1. Kev tswj xyuas dej kom zoo
Hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm castables, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov dej yog qhov tseem ceeb. Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo ntxiv cov dej kom raug, peb tuaj yeem hloov cov hmoov qhuav rau hauv cov refractories castable slurry nrog zoo fluidity, thiab ces smoothly nqa tawm kev tsim kho. Dej tsis yog tsuas yog siv los ua qhov nruab nrab rau refractories castables, tab sis kuj plays lub luag hauj lwm txuas rau hauv nws cov txheej txheem hardening, kom ntseeg tau tias cov slurry muaj zoo tagnrho thixotropy thiab fluidity, yog li tsim ib tug cam khwb cia tivthaiv los yog nyob rau hauv ob sab phlu nrog ib tug ntom qauv, nruj kev sib raug zoo thiab muaj zog mechanical zog. .
Txawm hais tias dej ntau dhau zoo li txhim kho fluidity, nws yeej ua rau kev sib cais thiab kev tso tawm ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw thiab cov hmoov, ua rau cov pores ntau dhau thaum cov dej ntws tawm thaum lub sij hawm ziab, yog li cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem nruj thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom pov thawj lossis hauv ob sab phlu. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev siv dej ntau dhau kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj xws li txo lub zog thiab txo kev yaig.
Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias kev tsim kho kev ua tau zoo thaum txwv kev siv dej, peb feem ntau siv cov kev daws teeb meem. Qhov no suav nrog kev siv cov surfactants, uas yog cov dej txo qis (plasticizers) lossis cov khoom tawg. Cov additives no tuaj yeem txhim kho thixotropy thiab fluidity ntawm refractory castable slurry, yog li ntawd thaum txo cov dej haus, nws tseem tuaj yeem tswj kev tsim kho zoo. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov dej txo qis zoo tshaj plaws, peb feem ntau xaiv cov khoom sib xyaw surfactants kom ua tiav kev txhim kho hauv slurry kev ua tau zoo.
2. Kev sib xyaw ntawm castables
Thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv refractory castables, nws yog sib xyaw nrog dej kom tsim tau ib qho zoo sib xws thiab du slurry. Cov txheej txheem no yog ua tiav ntawm qhov ceev tsis tu ncua hauv cov cuab yeej sib xyaw ua haujlwm kom ntseeg tau tias txhua qhov sib xyaw tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Raws li qhov sib tov sib sib zog nqus, qhov sib xyaw ua ke maj mam nce, thiab lub sij hawm xav tau rau kev sib xyaw ua ke yog txo qis. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov kub ntawm cov castable slurry yuav maj mam nce, tso lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau kev tsim kho tom ntej.
Thaum cov dej pib ntxiv, cov khoom zoo li maj mam muab npog los ntawm cov txheej txheem ua kua, ua kom hloov maj mam "kua choj" kev sib txuas ntawm ib leeg. Raws li cov txheej txheem adsorption sib tshooj, lub zog adsorption ntawm cov khoom maj mam nce, thiab lub zog ntawm agglomerate kuj nce. Hauv qhov no, peb yuav tsum ua tib zoo kho cov dej ntxiv kom ntseeg tau tias cov agglomeration ntawm cov khoom yog qhov zoo.
Ntxiv cov dej ntau ntxiv los yog txhim kho cov dej faib hauv cov khoom tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom ntim ntau dua los ntawm cov dej, thaum ua kom lub zog thiab txhim kho kev sib xyaw ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum cov ntsiab lus dej nce mus txog qib tseem ceeb, ntau tus "kua txuas hniav" ntawm cov khoom yuav raug tsim, thiab cov shear tsis kam ntawm qhov system yuav nce siab. Qhov kev tiv thaiv shear no nce nrog qhov nce ntawm thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw, uas ua rau muaj kev sib tw ntau dua rau kev sib xyaw.
Tab sis thov nco ntsoov tias thaum cov dej cia li sau qhov khoob ntawm cov khoom thiab npog qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom mus rau qhov tseem ceeb, lub zog capillary nce mus txog qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, yog tias ntxiv dej ntxiv, tus naj npawb ntawm "kua txuas hniav" yuav txo qis, thiab cov av nkos kuj yuav txo qis. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum tau tswj kom raug tus nqi ntawm cov dej ntxiv los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom rheological ntawm castable slurry yog qhov zoo.
3. Qhuav ntawm refractory castables
Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias cov castable tuaj yeem pom qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, kev xaiv ziab thiab cua sov yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau high-aluminium castables, txij li thaum lawv muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov dej dawb thiab hydration dej, cov dej yuav maj mam tso tawm ntawm 100 ~ 550 degree. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum ua tib zoo tsim cov txheej txheem ziab thiab cua sov kom ntseeg tau tias cov dej no tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm zoo thaum tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov castable.
Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tswj xyuas cov cua sov yog raws li hauv qab no: Ua ntej, nce qhov kub ntawm ambient kub mus rau 110 degree ntawm tus nqi ntawm 15 degree ib teev, thiab ua kom sov li 1 teev rau txhua txhua 25 hli thickness ntawm qhov kub no; Tom qab ntawd, txuas ntxiv qhov kub ntawm 110 degree mus rau 300 degree ntawm tus nqi ntawm 15 degree ib teev, thiab ua kom sov li 1 teev rau txhua 25 hli thickness ntawm 300 degree; Tom qab ntawd, nce cov cua kub kom txog 25 degree ib teev, kom qhov kub nce ntawm 300 degree mus rau 550 degree, thiab ua kom sov li 1 teev rau txhua 15 hli thickness ntawm 550 degree; Thaum kawg, nce qhov kub ntawm 550 degree mus rau qhov kawg siv kub ntawm tus nqi ntawm 75 degree ib teev. Xws li cov cua kub zoo tswj yuav xyuas kom meej tias cov refractory castable yog tusyees rhuab thiab stably hloov thaum lub sij hawm cua sov txheej txheem, thiab thaum kawg nthuav tawm kev ua tau zoo heev.
