1. Kub thiab ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob ntawm lub regenerator
Thaum tag nrho qhov siab H ntawm daim phiaj lub cev thiab qhov kub thiab txias t1 thiab t 0 nyob rau hauv lub regenerator qauv thiab kev khiav hauj lwm tsis raug txiav txim, lub flue gas kub ti ntawm ib theem twg yuav kwv yees raws li nram no cov mis nyuj, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua ib qho ntawm cov hauv paus rau xaiv cov khoom siv refractory.
Yog li ntawd, kev xaiv cov khoom siv refractory rau lub regenerator yuav tsum ua raws li cov hauv qab no:
(1) Kev hloov pauv kub;
(2) Oxidation / txo cov nyhuv;
(3) Khoom ya yaig yaig;
(4) Cov nyhuv ntawm cov yoov yoov ya thiab condensate.
Rau daim phiaj lub cev refractories cov ntaub ntawv, nws tseem yuav tsum tau muaj ib tug zoo tshav kub pauv tus nqi kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm daim phiaj lub cev thermal efficiency.
2. Tsim nyog xaiv cov ntaub ntawv refractory
1. Daim phiaj lub cev sab sauv txheej
Qhov kub poob ib 'meter' nyob rau hauv lub regenerator feem ntau yog 80-100 degree , thiab qhov kub siab tshaj plaws nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm daim phiaj lub cev nce mus txog 1380-1400 degree . Nyob rau hauv lub sab sauv txheej ntawm lub lattice lub cev ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 1300 degree, nws yog advisable mus siv ncaj qha bonded high-purity.magnesia cib. Lub cib no raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (1780-1800 degree) nrog cov xuab zeb purity siab. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm CaO, SiO2 thiab Fe2O3 yog tsawg, thiab periclase yog sib txuas ncaj qha. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau theem roj thiab cov kua theem nkag mus rau hauv lub cib. Lub cib lub cev muaj zog tiv thaiv corrosion thiab tuaj yeem txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm capping ntawm cov hmoov av nplaum.
Txij li SiO2 nyob rau hauv cov khoom ya yuav maj mam nkag mus rau hauv cov kab nrib pleb ntawm lub cev cib thiab hloov CaO / SiO2 piv ntawm qhov matrix, qis-melting theem diopside CMS2, magnesium scapolite C2MS2, forsterite M2S thiab magnesium rhodonite C3MS2 yuav raug tsim, ua rau. ib tug loj ntim nyhuv. Periclite crystals kuj tseem tuaj yeem loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm alkali vapor, ua rau lub cev cib tawg, tawg thiab tev tawm, ua rau lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev cib.
Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj zog, calcium vanadate nyob rau hauv cov kua theem, uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cib los txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm periclase crystals thiab kuj ua rau lub cib lub cev deform.
2. Nruab nrab txheej ntawm lub lattice
Qhov kub ntawm nruab nrab txheej ntawm cov lattice yog li ntawm 800-1100 degree, thiab magnesia-chrome, forsterite thiab magnesia-alumina refractory cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem xaiv. Magnesia-alumina cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog tiv thaiv sulfate yaig, tab sis yog kim. Hom refractories no tseem tsis tau siv dav hauv Suav teb. Kev siv kub ntawm forsterite cib yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 1050 degree, thiab lawv tau siv nyob rau hauv qhov kub ntawm qhov nruab nrab txheej.
Muaj ib qho tshwm sim ntawm rov qab liquefaction thiab solidification ntawm sulfate nyob rau hauv nruab nrab txheej ntawm lub lattice. Qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov residual V2O5 carbon saw cracking catalyst nyob rau hauv cov roj hnyav, uas hloov SO2 nyob rau hauv lub flue roj rau hauv SO3 thiab maj mam corrodes lub lattice refractories. Nws solidification expansion tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab embrittlement kev puas tsuaj rau cov qauv cib.
Tshaj 1000 degree, sulfate yuav hnov mob nrog MgSO4 los ua NaxMg (yS2O2) 2, thiab qhov kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav nce ntxiv nrog qhov nce ntawm Na2O / SO3 piv. Txhawm rau txhim kho corrosion kuj ntawm magnesia-chrome cib, Cr2O3 cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau nce ntau npaum li qhov ua tau, thiab qib ntawm kev sib txuas ncaj qha ntawm cov ntxhia theem yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv kom cov chrome spinel qhwv cov khoom periclase, uas tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv. nws lub neej kev pab.
3. Cov txheej hauv qab ntawm lub lattice thiab lwm yam
Qhov kub ntawm cov txheej txheej hauv qab ntawm cov lattice yog qis dua 800 degree, thiab cov tshuaj corrosion tsis muaj zog, tab sis tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm lub lattice regenerator yog tsawg kawg yog 40-50t, thiab chav tsev load ntawm cov txheej qis ntawm cov lattice. yog siab li 8-10t/m2. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov nplaim taws kom yaj thiab ntxuav cov lattices. Yog li ntawd, nws yog advisable siv high-zoo low-porosity av nplaum cib nrog muaj zog creep kuj thiab zoo thermal shock kuj. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev sib cuag ntawm alkaline bricks thiab av nplaum cib, high-alumina cib tuaj yeem siv los ua cov txheej txheem hloov pauv ntawm nruab nrab thiab qis txheej ntawm cov lattice.
Lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub regenerator muaj xws li lub crown saum, sab phab ntsa thiab grate crown, qhov twg cov ntaub ntawv refractory kuj tsis muaj zog nyob rau hauv yaig. Feem ntau, lub regenerator arch top yog ua los ntawm cov zoo silica bricks, thiab sab phab ntsa muab faib ua peb feem. Lub regenerator phab ntsa nyob rau hauv lub Upper qhov chaw ntawm lub lattice lub cev yog ua los ntawm high-zoo silica bricks, thiab lub hom phiaj phab ntsa kuj yuav ua los ntawm ncaj qha bonded magnesia-chrome bricks. Los ntawm ib sab saum toj ntawm lub grate bar mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub grate lub cev, qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo dua yog siv cov khoom siv tib yam li lub grate lub cev nyob rau hauv tib qhov siab, uas tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm phab ntsa. Lwm qhov kev daws teeb meem yog siv cov alkaline cib los yog sib txuas ncaj qha magnesia-chrome cib uas yog ib theem qis dua li cov khoom siv grate lub cev nyob rau sab sauv, ncaj qha sib txuas magnesia-chrome cib nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntu, qis-porosity av nplaum cib nyob rau hauv qis qis. , thiab thawj-theem av nplaum cib hauv qab lub grate bar. Lub grate bar arch feem ntau siv cov av nplaum uas tsis muaj porosity, thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv fused cam khwb cia AZS cov ntaub ntawv nrog av nplaum arches.
3. Cov qauv tsim ntawm lub lattice lub cev
Nyob rau hauv lub khob melting rauv, lub regenerator lattice lub cev feem ntau yog teem nyob rau hauv Siemens thiab pob tawb weaving styles nrog ncaj cib. Txawm li cas los xij, lub lattice qhov feem ntau raug thaiv. Thaum qhov blockage loj heev, kev ntsuas xws li kev kho kub thiab hloov cov lattice bricks raug coj mus. Cov kev kho kub kub yog qhov phem heev thiab kev siv zog ua haujlwm siab heev. Octagonal cylindrical bricks yog siv los hloov cov thawj ncaj cib. Lub lattice yog lub chimney-puab thiab tsis yooj yim rau kev thaiv. Tsis muaj kev kho kub yuav tsum tau ua thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho cov kiln. Tsuas yog xyuas tsis tu ncua. Yog tias muaj qhov thaiv me me, qhov qis ntawm cov lattice tuaj yeem raug ntxuav los ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws kub los ntawm hauv qab mus rau saum.
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob thev naus laus zis rau cov iav loj melting rauv yog los txhawb kev siv cov cylindrical lattice cib. Octagonal cylindrical lattice bricks khaws lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov qub cib ncaj, thiab yooj yim rau nteg. Cov cib yog ua raws li nce thiab nqis nrog qhov yooj yim tsis muaj qhov dai dawb. Cov qauv yog ruaj khov, qhov cua sov ntawm ib chav tsev ntim ntawm cov lattice yog siab, thiab cov kev pab cuam lub neej ntev, uas yog nce nqi. Cov phab ntsa tuab ntawm lub cylindrical cib tuaj yeem txo mus rau 40mm, uas tsis tsuas yog txo qhov hnyav ntawm chav tsev lattice, tab sis kuj ua rau cov thermal conductivity. Tus nqi ntawm lub cylindrical lattice yog kwv yees li 15% siab dua li ntawm cov pob tawb lattice, thiab li ntawm 15% qis dua ntawm cov ntoo khaub lig lattice. Txawm li cas los xij, hais txog kev txuag hluav taws xob, qhov sib txawv ntawm cylindrical lattice thiab cross lattice tsis ntau. Kev siv cua sov ntawm cov pob tawb lattice nce 1% mus rau 2% txhua xyoo, thiab cov cua sov ntawm cov cylindrical lattice nce li ntawm 0.5% txhua xyoo. Ntau lub zog tau txais kev cawmdim vim qhov qeeb ntawm "kev laus".
Nyob rau hauv tus tsim ntawm lub regenerator qauv, tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau txoj kev sib txuas ntawm cylindrical lattice bricks thiab grate arch. Siemens kev npaj ntawm cov cib ncaj yuav tsum tau siv rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov cylindrical lattice bricks thiab grate arch, nrog rau qhov siab ntawm li 1m. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, lub lattice qhov tuaj yeem ua tau zoo sib txuas thiab nqis, thiab qhov sib xws ntawm cov roj nkag mus rau hauv lub cylindrical lattice tuaj yeem txhim kho, muab kev ua si tag nrho rau qhov zoo ntawm cylindrical lattice bricks thiab txhim kho thermal efficiency ntawm iav melting rauv. .
Tam sim no, lub regenerator ntawm domestic iav melting rauv tau maj mam hloov los ntawm cov tsoos ascending txoj kev qauv mus rau lub thawv-zoo li tus partitioned los yog kev cob cog rua qauv. Ntxiv dag zog rau kev tshawb fawb txog kev xaiv tsim nyog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory rau lub regenerator, kev siv cov partitioned configurations, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam tshiab yuav ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm kev txhim kho efficiency thiab lub luag hauj lwm lub neej ntawm lub regenerator. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tsim cov iav zoo hauv tsev iav melting furnaces thiab kev ua tiav thaum ntxov ntawm kev txhim kho cov hom phiaj ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, thermal efficiency, loj tonnage nplai thiab lub neej ntev kiln.
