Texaco thee gasification furnaces yog gasification furnaces uas tau siv dav hauv cov nroj tsuag hauv tsev. Kab lus no txheeb xyuas kev siv thiab yaig ntawmrefractory brickshauv Texaco thee gasification furnaces, thiab tawm tswv yim txog kev txhim kho zoo sib xws.
01: Kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov hluav taws kub nyhiab hluav taws xob yaig
1.1 Kev poob qis
Lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm refractory hluav taws cib yog corundum. Residual roj yuav tsim ib tug series ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv high-temperature thee gasification rauv, ua high-temperature melts. Kev nkag mus ntawm cov yaj yuav ua rau cov khoom ntawm cov refractories bricks hloov, ua rau yaig ntawm refractory fiierbricks. Kev yaig ntawm cov roj feem ntau yog los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv cov roj seem, xws li SiO2, CaO, NiO, V2O5, Fe2O3, P2O5 thiab lwm yam tshuaj, uas cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj corundum hauv cov cib refractory los tsim cov slag kub. Cov slags nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov hws ntawm cov cib los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev nkag mus, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv ntawm cov refractories bricks thiab ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv lawv lub cev. Lub peev xwm ntawm cov hluav taws kub tsis zoo los tiv thaiv qhov kub thiab txias thiab airflow yaig yog txo qis, thiab infiltration ntawm impurities nyob rau hauv cov roj residual ua rau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm eutectic point ntawm cov hluav taws cib qis. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm high-speed airflow, cov khoom molten nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub cib nkag mus rau high-temperature yaj ntawm cov roj residual. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev nkag mus ntawm qhov kub-kub slag yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv lub cev cib. Vim tias muaj kev ntxhov siab, cov kab nrib pleb yuav tshwm sim thiab maj mam nthuav dav, thiab txawm tias cov blocks yuav poob.
1.2 Slag nkag mus
Lub vaporization ntawm cov roj residual tseem yuav ua rau yaig ntawm refractory bricks nyob rau hauv lwm txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, lub slag yuav nkag mus rau sab hauv ntawm lub cib lub cev raws li qhib qhov pore channel ntawm lub cib lub cev, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub kub yuav tshwm sim, tsim cov pob zeb hauv av calcium aluminate tshiab, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv lub cev. qauv ntawm qhov hluav taws kub cib thiab ua rau deterioration. Nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, thermal expansion coefficients ntawm calcium aluminate tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov corundum ntawm lub deteriorated cib lub cev yog sib txawv heev, thiab qhov expansion nrug yog txawv heev, ua rau tawg nyob rau hauv lub cib lub cev. Cov kab nrib pleb yuav maj mam nthuav mus rau lub sijhawm, thiab thaum kawg ua rau cov khoom loj poob, thiab cov pob zeb refractory yuav raug puas tsuaj loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov nkag mus tob ntawm slag muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog lub thermal ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, qhov siab dua, qhov tob tob ntawm qhov nkag.
1.3 Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev ntxhov siab
Muaj ob hom kev ntxhov siab uas ua rau hluav taws kub hnyiab, ib qho yog thermal stress thiab lwm yam yog kev nyuaj siab. Cov thee gasifier raug kaw rau kev tshuaj xyuas ntau zaus txhua xyoo. Uas yog hais tias, qhov kub hloov pauv los ntawm kev kaw yuav ua rau thermal stress nyob rau hauv cov kev sib txuas tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws kub refractory cib. Yog tias qhov kev kaw ntau dhau lawm, lub neej ntawm firebrick yuav luv luv. Thermal stress yuav kis tau mus rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov kub thiab txias raws li cov slag nkag mus, tsim cov koom haum sib txawv ntawm cov hlws ris ntawm txhua seem, ua rau tawg nyob rau hauv lub cib lub cev, thiab ua lub cib lub cev corrosion lub sij hawm.
Cov qauv kev ntxhov siab kuj muaj feem xyuam rau qhov kub thiab txias. Nws yog lub zog tsim los ntawm cov qauv nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Nyob rau theem tom ntej ntawm kev siv cov roj rauv, cov hluav taws kub refractory feem ntau tog. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub dab dej no muaj feem xyuam rau cov khoom siv ntawm corundum, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog muaj feem xyuam rau qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam ntawm cov khoom siv sab nraud ntawm cov hluav taws kub refractory. Piv txwv tias qhov kub ntawm corundum ci ntsa iab yog siab dua 1700 degree, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws kub hnyiab tom qab 3 teev ntawm 1600 degree, tshwj tsis yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm 0.2%. Yog li, qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog cov khoom siv sab nraud hauv qab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov qauv kev ntxhov siab.
02: Txuas lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm firebricks
2.1 Kev tswj cov thee zoo
Nyob rau hauv kev tsom xam ntawm refractory cib puas, nws yuav pom tau hais tias cov roj residue yog lub ntsiab ua rau firebrick puas, yog li kev siv cov thee zoo yuav tsum tau xav txog. Ntau yam ntawm cov hmoov tshauv qis qis, cov hmoov tshauv tsawg thiab cov roj ua haujlwm siab tuaj yeem siv nrog cov thee tshiab sib xyaw tshuab, uas tuaj yeem txo cov hmoov tshauv melting kub. Qhov qis dua cov hmoov tshauv tom qab cov thee sib tov, qhov zoo dua, thiab nws tuaj yeem tswj tau ntau tshaj 15%. Tau kawg, kev xaiv ntawm cov thee sib xyaw kuj yuav tsum ua kom tiav nrog cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv cov roj furnaces, thee blending yog ib txoj kev los txo cov hmoov tshauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hmoov tshauv tuaj yeem txo tau los ntawm kev ntxiv cov thee huv. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem hloov kho kom haum raws li kev tshawb pom ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob, uas ua rau txo qhov melting point ntawm lub cub tawg tshauv slag thiab txo qhov kev puas tsuaj rau refractories bricks.
2.2 Kev tshawb fawb txog cov thev naus laus zis tshiab
Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub gasifier, kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tuaj yeem txo qhov corrosion ntawm refractory bricks. Piv txwv li, hloov tshuab tshiab yog siv rau cov thermocouples uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias kom ntev lub neej ntawm cov thermocouples siab. Tsawg limestone ntxiv tuaj yeem txo cov CaO cov ntsiab lus hauv cov roj residue. Tsis siv neeg tswj tshuab yog siv los ua kom zoo dua qhov piv ntawm cov pa oxygen rau thee. Cov burners tshiab yog tsim los txhim kho cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub gasifier. Cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov ntsiab lus pib no kom txo tau qhov corrosion ntawm refractory firebricks.
Txhawm rau txo qhov corrosion ntawm refractory hluav taws cib hauv lub gasifier, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev xav ntawm slag kuj. Qhov tsim nyog gasifier kub tuaj yeem raug xaiv kom qhov chaw ntawm cov hluav taws kub refractory ib txwm khaws cov khoom slag. Cov slags khoom no tuaj yeem cais cov dej ntws tawm ntawm lub cev cib, yog li txo qhov muaj peev xwm yaig thiab khawb, thiab txhim kho corrosion kuj ntawm hluav taws cib.
